{
  "design": "county dose-response, state FE, FFS-weighted, state-clustered SEs",
  "join": {
    "method": "normalised STATE-County name",
    "match_pct": 99.8
  },
  "sample": {
    "counties": 2702,
    "states": 50,
    "vermont_excluded": 14,
    "sd_d_pen_pp": 20.83
  },
  "main": {
    "outcome": "post-pre spending change",
    "beta_per_pp": 0.24,
    "se": 0.76,
    "t": 0.31,
    "mde_80pct_per_pp": 2.1,
    "n": 2702
  },
  "placebo_pretrend": {
    "outcome": "PLACEBO: pre-period trend",
    "beta_per_pp": 0.14,
    "se": 0.3,
    "t": 0.47,
    "mde_80pct_per_pp": 0.9,
    "n": 2702
  },
  "suppression_upper_bound": {
    "outcome": "upper-bound penetration",
    "beta_per_pp": 0.17,
    "se": 0.71,
    "t": 0.24,
    "mde_80pct_per_pp": 2.0,
    "n": 2702
  },
  "implied_effect_by_penetration_gap": {
    "10pp": 2.4,
    "25pp": 6.0,
    "50pp": 12.0
  },
  "identifies": "association between ACO penetration and spending growth, off within-state variation",
  "does_not_identify": "the Vermont all-payer wrapper -- a state-level treatment with one unit"
}